pop-mac:~ popldo$ go
Go is a tool for managing Go source code.
Usage:
go command [arguments]
The commands are:
build compile packages and dependencies
clean remove object files
env print Go environment information
fix run go tool fix on packages
fmt run gofmt on package sources
get download and install packages and dependencies
install compile and install packages and dependencies
list list packages
run compile and run Go program
test test packages
tool run specified go tool
version print Go version
vet run go tool vet on packages
Use "go help [command]" for more information about a command.
Additional help topics:
c calling between Go and C
gopath GOPATH environment variable
importpath import path syntax
packages description of package lists
testflag description of testing flags
testfunc description of testing functions
Use "go help [topic]" for more information about that topic.
go에서 필수적으로 알아야 할 것만 일단 알아보고 추가로 go fmt 등을 알아보겠습니다.
go build [옵션] 파일명
: go는 java와 비슷하지만 다른점이 빌드할때 실행파일을 만든다는 점이 다릅니다. text파일을 go 로 컴파일하고 빌드합니다.
usage: go build [-o output] [build flags] [packages]
Build compiles the packages named by the import paths,
along with their dependencies, but it does not install the results.
If the arguments are a list of .go files, build treats them as a list
of source files specifying a single package.
When the command line specifies a single main package,
build writes the resulting executable to output.
Otherwise build compiles the packages but discards the results,
serving only as a check that the packages can be built.
The -o flag specifies the output file name. If not specified, the
output file name depends on the arguments and derives from the name
of the package, such as p.a for package p, unless p is 'main'. If
the package is main and file names are provided, the file name
derives from the first file name mentioned, such as f1 for 'go build
f1.go f2.go'; with no files provided ('go build'), the output file
name is the base name of the containing directory.
The build flags are shared by the build, install, run, and test commands:
-a
force rebuilding of packages that are already up-to-date.
-n
print the commands but do not run them.
-p n
the number of builds that can be run in parallel.
The default is the number of CPUs available.
-race
enable data race detection.
Supported only on linux/amd64, darwin/amd64 and windows/amd64.
-v
print the names of packages as they are compiled.
-work
print the name of the temporary work directory and
do not delete it when exiting.
-x
print the commands.
-ccflags 'arg list'
arguments to pass on each 5c, 6c, or 8c compiler invocation.
-compiler name
name of compiler to use, as in runtime.Compiler (gccgo or gc).
-gccgoflags 'arg list'
arguments to pass on each gccgo compiler/linker invocation.
-gcflags 'arg list'
arguments to pass on each 5g, 6g, or 8g compiler invocation.
-installsuffix suffix
a suffix to use in the name of the package installation directory,
in order to keep output separate from default builds.
If using the -race flag, the install suffix is automatically set to race
or, if set explicitly, has _race appended to it.
-ldflags 'flag list'
arguments to pass on each 5l, 6l, or 8l linker invocation.
-tags 'tag list'
a list of build tags to consider satisfied during the build.
See the documentation for the go/build package for
more information about build tags.
The list flags accept a space-separated list of strings. To embed spaces
in an element in the list, surround it with either single or double quotes.
For more about specifying packages, see 'go help packages'.
For more about where packages and binaries are installed,
run 'go help gopath'. For more about calling between Go and C/C++,
run 'go help c'.
See also: go install, go get, go clean.
go clean 파일명
: 빌드된 파일들을 삭제합니다.
usage: go clean [-i] [-r] [-n] [-x] [packages]
Clean removes object files from package source directories.
The go command builds most objects in a temporary directory,
so go clean is mainly concerned with object files left by other
tools or by manual invocations of go build.
Specifically, clean removes the following files from each of the
source directories corresponding to the import paths:
_obj/ old object directory, left from Makefiles
_test/ old test directory, left from Makefiles
_testmain.go old gotest file, left from Makefiles
test.out old test log, left from Makefiles
build.out old test log, left from Makefiles
*.[568ao] object files, left from Makefiles
DIR(.exe) from go build
DIR.test(.exe) from go test -c
MAINFILE(.exe) from go build MAINFILE.go
*.so from SWIG
In the list, DIR represents the final path element of the
directory, and MAINFILE is the base name of any Go source
file in the directory that is not included when building
the package.
The -i flag causes clean to remove the corresponding installed
archive or binary (what 'go install' would create).
The -n flag causes clean to print the remove commands it would execute,
but not run them.
The -r flag causes clean to be applied recursively to all the
dependencies of the packages named by the import paths.
The -x flag causes clean to print remove commands as it executes them.
For more about specifying packages, see 'go help packages'.
go env [환경설정명]
: 빌드 및 실행환경을 확인 합니다. 환경설정명을 입력하면 그 환경값만을 출력합니다.
usage: go env [var ...]
Env prints Go environment information.
By default env prints information as a shell script
(on Windows, a batch file). If one or more variable
names is given as arguments, env prints the value of
each named variable on its own line.
go get 패키지명
: 패키지와 디펜던시들을 가져옵니다.
go 는 특이하게 get명령어로 github의 소스들을 가져옵니다. 아마도 많이 보셨을건데 git 으로 clone하는 겁니다. 요즘은 대동단결 github하고 있죠..
usage: go get [-d] [-fix] [-t] [-u] [build flags] [packages]
Get downloads and installs the packages named by the import paths,
along with their dependencies.
The -d flag instructs get to stop after downloading the packages; that is,
it instructs get not to install the packages.
The -fix flag instructs get to run the fix tool on the downloaded packages
before resolving dependencies or building the code.
The -t flag instructs get to also download the packages required to build
the tests for the specified packages.
The -u flag instructs get to use the network to update the named packages
and their dependencies. By default, get uses the network to check out
missing packages but does not use it to look for updates to existing packages.
Get also accepts all the flags in the 'go build' and 'go install' commands,
to control the installation. See 'go help build'.
When checking out or updating a package, get looks for a branch or tag
that matches the locally installed version of Go. The most important
rule is that if the local installation is running version "go1", get
searches for a branch or tag named "go1". If no such version exists it
retrieves the most recent version of the package.
For more about specifying packages, see 'go help packages'.
For more about how 'go get' finds source code to
download, see 'go help importpath'.
See also: go build, go install, go clean.
가장중요한 실행명령
go run 파일 or 패키지 명
: 파일이나 패키지를 빌드후 실행합니다.
usage: go get [-d] [-fix] [-t] [-u] [build flags] [packages]
Get downloads and installs the packages named by the import paths,
along with their dependencies.
The -d flag instructs get to stop after downloading the packages; that is,
it instructs get not to install the packages.
The -fix flag instructs get to run the fix tool on the downloaded packages
before resolving dependencies or building the code.
The -t flag instructs get to also download the packages required to build
the tests for the specified packages.
The -u flag instructs get to use the network to update the named packages
and their dependencies. By default, get uses the network to check out
missing packages but does not use it to look for updates to existing packages.
Get also accepts all the flags in the 'go build' and 'go install' commands,
to control the installation. See 'go help build'.
When checking out or updating a package, get looks for a branch or tag
that matches the locally installed version of Go. The most important
rule is that if the local installation is running version "go1", get
searches for a branch or tag named "go1". If no such version exists it
retrieves the most recent version of the package.
For more about specifying packages, see 'go help packages'.
For more about how 'go get' finds source code to
download, see 'go help importpath'.
See also: go build, go install, go clean.
pop-mac:src popldo$ go help run
usage: go run [build flags] gofiles... [arguments...]
Run compiles and runs the main package comprising the named Go source files.
A Go source file is defined to be a file ending in a literal ".go" suffix.
For more about build flags, see 'go help build'.
See also: go build.
처음 Go라는 언어에 관심을 가지게 된 계기는 Webframework 벤치마크 테스트 사이트에서
상위를 차지하고 있어 관심을 가지게 되었습니다.
상당히 재미가 있을 것 같고, 해보면 그다지 어려운것 같아 보이지 않아서 시작합니다.
GO 소개
Go는 구글이 개발한 가비지 컬렉션 기능이 있는 컴파일, 병행성(concurrent) 프로그래밍 언어이다.
Go의 초기 디자인은 2007년 9월 21일에 로버트 그리즈머, 롭 파이크, 켄 톰슨이 Inferno 분산 운영체제와 관련된 작업을 하다가 시작되었다. 화이트 보드에 새로운 언어에 대한 스케치를 하면서 초기 20% 파트타임 프로젝트로 시작하였다가 2008년 1월 켄 톰슨이 C 코드를 만들어내는 컴파일러를 만들기 시작했고, 2008년 중반 풀타임 프로젝트로 승격되었다. 2008년 5월 이안 테일러가 Go 스펙의 초안을 이용해서 GCC 프론트 엔드를 만들기 시작했고, 2008년 말 러스 콕스가 참여하면서 프로토타입에서 실질적인 언어와 라이브러리들을 만들기 시작했다. 2009년 11월 10일에 리눅스와 Max OS X 플랫폼을 대상으로 공식 발표되었다. Go가 처음 론칭되었을 때는 실무적인 소프트웨어를 만들기에는 준비가 좀 덜 된 상태였지만, 2010년 5월 롭 파이크는 구글에서 실제로 사용되고 있는 부분이 있다고 공개적으로 알리게 되었다.
